Rabbis Sermon Givers and Takers Free Essay Example, 1000 words

To some extent, their giving could incur them great costs. According to grant, there also exists some type of giving that is unhealthy. It may bring about fatigue, and one may start feeling that they are the world’s doormat. This is due to over giving (Cosgrove, 2014). Grant also explains another different type of giving. His research as well studied the kind of giving that allows the giver to be happy, enjoy life to satisfaction and self esteem. This is because they give their wisdom and time in a healthy manner (Cosgrove, 2014). A good example is the charitable individuals. They work hard, for long as well as in a smart manner due to the fact that they offer their resources generously. They do carry themselves with a sense of some spiritual posture. They have eyes wide open to their lives’ blessings. They acknowledge themselves as fortunate; they have learned to lead their lives with a gratitude attitude, which is leveraged in the clearest way: they just give. They flourish further after seeing how much impact their giving has on the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Rabbis Sermon: Givers and Takers or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now This kind of givers give and at the same time give thanks because they are giving. Self interest and unselfishness depend on each other. They give due to the fact that they are appreciative of the fact that they are able to give (Cosgrove, 2014). This is not something strange to Jews. The world of the Jews is aware of the relationship that exists between giving and gratitude. According to the Torah â€Å"when you enter the land, you shall take the first fruits of the soil and offer them before the lord, † The early pilgrim had an obligation to recite the journey of the Israelites from the Egyptian oppression to freedom after being saved by God. â€Å"The basket of the fruit shall be left before the lord, and you shall, together with the Levite and the stranger in your midst, all the bounty that the lord your God has bestowed upon you and your household. † (Deuteronomy 26:1-11). It is from the very best that the pilgrim gives, that is the harvests of the first fruit. The ceremonial story of the spiritual as well as spiritual journey of the Israelites insists that the blessings that are being enjoyed this day came into being through our ancestors. If one labors and harvests fruit, its sweetness will be brought about by the sharing with the stranger and the Levite. If there is thankfulness and giving then there is enjoyment (Cosgrove, 2014). Gratitude happens to be one of the sentiments that Judaism tries to produce. Modeh is one word each Jew utters each day and it is from similar root with Todah: Modehanil’fonekha, everyone should appreciate for having been blessed to wake up in a new day.

Civil Disobedience, And Martin Luther King Jr. s Letter...

Today, the word disobedience carries a negative connotation that acts as a deterrent for necessary disobedience. The common way in which people view disobedience is as a rejection of a rule, law, or a simple standard. Historically, rules were implemented in ways that were deemed immoral by society. Therefore, civil disobedience is justified to combat immoral standards implemented in society. However, civil disobedience is only justified under these circumstances, mainly for the betterment of society. Historic figures such as Rosa Parks, Mahatma Gandhi, and Martin Luther King Jr. all acted civilly disobedience, but society benefitted from their movements. Civil disobedience is the underlying theme of Sophocles’ Antigone and Martin Luther King Jr.’s Letter From Birmingham Jail. The main character of Sophocles’ Antigone, Antigone, acts civil disobedience, just as Dr. King acted civilly disobedient. Both Antigone and Martin Luther King Jr. fought to gain justice for the people who they believed were denied the rights of society. Although Antigone believes she is fighting for a just cause, she acts civilly disobedient by advocating for a traitor to society, deeming her civil disobedience unjust. Martin Luther King Jr., in contrast, did fight for a just cause by advocating for equal rights of all persons, which justifies his civil disobedience. Antigone, although under the belief of acting just, acts in civil disobedience by advocating for proper burial of a traitor. There are twoShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther King Jr.’S Persuasion in â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail†1569 Words   |  7 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.’s Persuasion in â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail† After being arrested and imprisoned in Birmingham Jail, Martin Luther King Jr. wrote one of his most famous works to the people of Birmingham, titled â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail on April 16, 1963. This piece speaks of the evils of the segregation laws and how the blacks had been treated unfairly in Birmingham, in an attempt to get the white people to support the desegregation of Birmingham. He had been imprisoned because of hisRead More Henry Thoreau’s Influence on Martin Luther King Jr. Essay898 Words   |  4 PagesHenry Thoreau’s Influence on Martin Luther King Jr. Henry David Thoreau was a great American writer, philosopher, and naturalist of the 1800’s who’s writings have influenced many famous leaders in the 20th century, as well as in his own lifetime. Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts in 1817, where he was later educated at Harvard University. Thoreau was a transcendentalist writer, which means that he believed that intuition and the individual conscience â€Å"transcend† experienceRead MoreAntigone And Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. s Letter From Birmingham Jail1233 Words   |  5 PagesIn Sophocles’ Antigone and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.’s â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail†, Antigone and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. used resistance against powerful leaders to follow their morals and make a statement. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.’s approach towards the reconstruction of society’s cultural understanding of segregation used civil disobedience in a more public and larg e-scale approach, whereas Antigone’s use of civil disobedience defied the law in a much more private, small-scale way toRead More Exploration of Civil Disobedience in Sophocles Antigone, Kings Letter from Birmingham Jail, and Platos From Crito580 Words   |  3 PagesExploration of Civil Disobedience in Sophocles Antigone, Kings Letter from Birmingham Jail, and Platos From Crito Civil disobedience spawns a major and widely debated issue by many who established by well-known intelligent scholars and many examples of civil disobedience become displayed. The acts of civil disobedience can be noted in major works such as Sophocles?s Antigone, King?s ?Letter from Birmingham Jail?, or even from Plato?s ?from Crito?. A specific claim exemplified throughout theseRead MoreBirmingham Jail Functional Theory1638 Words   |  7 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from a Birmingham Jail (1965) is important from both historical and sociological points of view. It is an example of self-sacrifice as in idea for the of equality of all people. Formally, King addresses this letter that he wrote while in Birmingham jail at the clergymen who opposed his protests. In fact, he applies it to everyone who approves of racism, and considers the methods of nonviolent struggle to be too radical and far fetched from achieving an actual goalRead MoreMartin Luther King And Gandhi9 10 Words   |  4 Pages Martin Luther King Jr. had illustrated civil disobedient to the world during a challenging time, by quoting inspirational words from Gandhi and Thoreau. Gandhi had also quoted Thoreau throughout his stimulating time. Before Martin Luther King and Gandhi, Thoreau exemplified civil disobedience in the 1800’s. The purpose of Thoreau’s civil disobedience was to make a different world. King and Gandhi had the same purpose. That is one of the main reasons why they connected to Thoreau’s essay. BornRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Letter From Birmingham Jail812 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the 1960’s, racism was still a prominent problem in America. The Civil Rights Movement was under way. African Americans were fighting for their basic human rights. One of the most notable figures of the Civil Rights Movement was Martin Luther King Jr. He fought for African American’s rights using nonviolent resistance; however, during a protest in Birmingham, Alabama, Dr. King was thrown into jail. While in his jail cell, Dr. King wrote a letter to clergymen from the Birmingham jail claiming hisRead MoreCivil Disobedience By Henry David Thoreaus Letter From A Birmingham Jail1605 Words   |  7 Pagesbe comparing Civil Disobedience by Henry David Thoreau and The Letter from a Birmingham Jail by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr and taking a closer look at their rhetorical devices and strategy’s. In Civil disobedience by Henry David Thoreau shows us the need to prioritize som e one’s wellbeing over what the law says. American laws are criticized mostly over slavery and the Mexican-American war. 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Among those transcendentalists was Henry David Thoreau, who wrote â€Å"Civil Disobedience†, Mohandas Gandhi, who wrote â€Å"Satyagraha†, and Martin Luther King Jr., who wrote â€Å"Letters from Birmingham Jail†. Henry David Thoreau used the theory of transcendentalism in â€Å"Civil Disobedience.† These three transcendentalists

The Beauty of Chinese Poetry Free Essays

Chinese poetry is considered to be some of the most beautiful poetry in the world. In the poem â€Å"In Early Summer Lodging in a Temple to Enjoy the Moonlight† by Po Chu-I the author’s use of nature, the city of Ch’ang-an, and his friendship with the others that join him is truly a symbol of balance from Chinese culture. In this poem Po Chu-I discusses the destruction of beauty and the loss connection with its boundaries. We will write a custom essay sample on The Beauty of Chinese Poetry or any similar topic only for you Order Now His use of words paints a picture of a beautiful scene that would capture the imagination of any reader. Is Po Chu-I’s poem a clear reflection of Taoism’s views of balance? In this poem Po Chu-I uses nature to reflect the beauty that is missing in the city that he and his friends now live in. In one example, â€Å"When the wind has stolen the shadows of new leaves and birds linger on the last boughs the bloom†¦Ã¢â‚¬  the author’s use of nature allow the reader to know that it is early summer when him and his friends go on this journey outside of the city. Also, another example, â€Å"And the South-East was still clothed in red†¦Ã¢â‚¬  the author’s use of words along with nature allows the reader to know that it is sunset. With simple use of nature the author has let you know where this takes place, what time of year it is and time of day. Po Chu-I use of nature is a key element of this poem and shows the beauty of nature to the reader. In the city of Ch’ang-an the author and his friends have been trying to get rich and have decided to take a break and leave the city and go to the temple of Tao. In this poem the city represents the destruction of nature and a place where they feel unfulfilled. One example of this is: â€Å"In Ch’ang-an, the place of profit and fame, Such moods as this, how many men know? The author refers to this as a comparison of the city to the beauty of the nature that has been destroyed by the city life. Po Chu-I used the city as the opposite of nature, he even explains how the city is separated from the nature with a gate. Ch’ang-an is a symbol of the unfulfilled happiness that the author and his friends are feeling by living in the city. The friendships tha t Po Chu-I show in this poem are clear to the reader. â€Å"Till day broke we sat in her clear light laughing and singing, and yet ever grew tired†¦Ã¢â‚¬  is a good example of the author’s friendships that he has and how they all traveled out into nature to sing and dance under the moonlight. It shows the connection that the author and his friends share with one another. A similar example â€Å"To the western cloister we carried our jar of wine; while we waited for the moon, out cups moved slow†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The author and his friends all share this common bond of being unfulfilled living in the city, and all travel outside of the city to bask in nature, share a drink or two, and dance under the moonlight. This is an example of nature and the city being connected by the authors’ friendships. In the poem â€Å"In Early Summer Lodging in a Temple to Enjoy the Moonlight† Po Chu-I used many techniques to connect the ideas of Taoism into his poem. He incorporated nature, friendship, and the city of Ch’ang-an. All of these techniques helped to create a poem that not only appeals to the imagination of the reader but also the complex problems of feeling unfulfilled with a disconnection with nature. Po Chu-I used all these techniques and created a perfect balance between nature, city living, and friendship. This conveys the balance that is taught in Taoism in Chinese culture. How to cite The Beauty of Chinese Poetry, Papers

Discussion About Introduction And Abstract †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discussion About Introduction And Abstract? Answer: Introducation An abstract is an overview of an entire research review or article paper that emphasises on a particular topic. As asserted by Defazio et al., (2012), abstract highlights an existing thought or an idea that lacks concrete or physical evidence. An abstract is used by many researchers in order to provide an idea of the actual purpose of the research paper. This saves times for the readers as reading the abstract judges the suitability of the topic for readers. Therefore, an abstract makes it easier for the researchers to easily communicate the complex topics for the readers. An abstract generally consists of the summarisation of the entire topic including the literature review, methodologies, results and interpretations. Under the copyright law, an abstract is protected making it more secure. In academic writing an introduction plays a significant part as this highlights the topic of the research, essay or assignment. An in-depth knowledge is provided in the introduction about the topic. This introduction discusses the topic and its significance. Generally, an introduction consists of three paragraphs. The first paragraph is written about the study that is been produced in the assignment. The second paragraph consists of the direct information of the assignment. These two paragraphs are most important part of the introduction. However, an introduction also consists of a third paragraph that consists of the entire structure of the assignment. This also describes the scope of the entire assignment or the research paper along with explaining certain features that are essential for the assignment (Bailey, 2014) References Bailey, S. (2014). Academic writing: A handbook for international students. Routledge. Defazio, J., Jones, J., Tennant, F., Hook, S. A. (2012). Academic literacy: The importance and impact of writing across the curriculuma case study. Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 10(2), 34-47.

Women from Venus Essay Example For Students

Women from Venus Essay In his essay Men from Mars and Women from Venus, John Gray explored the intrinsic differences between men and women in a way that has helped millions of people to understand why relationships between the two sexes could be so frustrating. Gray was correct when he talked about women cherishing love, communication, beauty, and relationships. However, he oversimplified the gender differences between the two sexes. Though women appreciate the beauty in life and want to live with tranquility, they also corrupt by their desire for power, love for competition, and want for achievements. The premises of John Grays essay were set many years ago when all men lived on Mars and all women lived on Venus. Once they got together, they respected and enjoyed their differencesuntil one day when everybody woke up, completely forgetting that they had once came from different planets. Ever since, men mistakenly expected women to think, communicate, and react the way men do. Gray also believes that Venusians are more concerned with living together harmonically, communicably, and loving cooperation. Instead of building highways and tall buildings, they prefer building a Utopia. We will write a custom essay on Women from Venus specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Relationships are more important than work and technology says Gray 523. Rather than developing new technology, they build up their relationships with others. On the other hand, Martians get their sense of self from achievement, usually focus on a goal, and tend to be very competitive and self-reliant. The two sexes, according to John Gray, were unlike in their way of life because they came from different worldswomen from Venus while men from Mars. Gray also had some correct points when he stated that women value love, peace, communication, beauty, and relationships. Because of this, women believe romance to be very important; and also value and believe it is critical to sharing ideas, views and life. That is one of the reason they think art, music, and culture are beautiful, as they romanticized life. For example, Queen Elizabeth I proved these characteristics of women. During Queen Elizabeths reign, there was peace in England even from all the chaos caused by conflicts between Protestants and Catholics. Not only did she value peace, she was also a great patron of the arts. Her reign, known in English history as the Elizabethan period, was an era of great accomplishment in Englanda heroic age of exploration and a grand time for art development. During the Age of Exploration, Francis Drake sailed around the world, Martin Frobisher voyaged to the Arctic regions, and Walter Raleigh helped colonize America. Poets and dramatists like William Shakespeare and Edmund Spenser helped create the Golden Age of English literature. However, it was Elizabeth herself who vastly changed Englands standing among European nations. Not only was she a respected peacemaker for her country, but she was also proved to be more. John Gray showed that women are only peaceful beingsa point of view which was true to some extentbut they were also corrupted in other ways. Besides valuing the beauty of the earth and harmony, women are not tranquil as shown is Grays essay; they also love the sense of power, the rush of competition, and the fulfilling feeling of achievements. Again, an example of the same Queen Elizabeth can be used to prove Gray wrong. Elizabeth, was one of the daughters of a legendary King Henry VIII, initially did not want to face the heated conflict between Catholics and Protestants in England, but being the heir to the throne, she was forced to. After many years of disagreements, Elizabeth gave her country peace by dictating her royal degree; women are not as delicate as stated in Grays essay. She ruled with respected authoritarianism, showing her capabilities of being a powerful queen. Instead of living in peace, she led a score of soldiers against the Spanish Armada in July 1588, instilling in her soldiers the will to battle and win; she would continue to fight the Spanish forcefully for 15 years. Despite the dark events of war and religious murders, Elizabeths reign is best remembered for extraordinary achievements. .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4 , .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4 .postImageUrl , .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4 , .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4:hover , .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4:visited , .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4:active { border:0!important; } .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4:active , .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4 .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub182566312450b94523c90a75afcccd4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Tennessee Williams And The Southern Belle EssayShe believed it was her divine mission to lead England, and under her direction, the country became strong and unified. Therefore, commerce and industry prospered. Elizabeth I gave her country peace; however, she also gave it prestige and power. Women do not always fit under the stereotypical views of being tranquil; they also love competing to show their power and achiever their goals. Women do in fact cherish relationships and art, as stated in John Grays essay, but they also love power. John Grays essay is true in some areas, but false in others as shown by the life of Englands, Queen Elizabeth I. Queen Elizabeth, known as the most successful monarch ever sits on the English throne, gave her country peace from the hostilities between the different religious sectors and the Spanish attacks. This showed how women wanted serenity across the land. However, while she did reign with peace, she went through great lengths to achieve this goal. Queen Elizabeth dictated her royal decree on numerous times and proved herself a cynical opponent to the Spanish. Though John Gray was right in writing that women seek harmonic beauty in life, but he was wrong because women also tried to get power, compete, and accomplish their goals.

Willy Russells attitude to education as revealed in Educating Rita Essays

Willy Russells attitude to education as revealed in Educating Rita Essays Willy Russells attitude to education as revealed in Educating Rita Paper Willy Russells attitude to education as revealed in Educating Rita Paper Essay Topic: Education Literature Although Educating Rita is about Rita becoming educated, there are underlying messages within the play that reveal what its writer, Willy Russells attitudes and opinions of education are. One main part of the play is the contrast between Frank and Rita and how their roles reverse as Rita becomes educated. Education gives Rita a choice. Rita wanted education to give her a meanin to life which she didnt need as a child growing up in working class culture. Her school was borin, ripped-up books, broken glass everywhere, knives an fights and education was only for the wimps. As she has matured she thinks there must be more to life than everyone pissed or on the Valium, tryin to get from one day to the next. By becoming educated, she is making the leap from working class to middle class, although Denny, her husband, doesnt want her to. Education makes Rita stronger and thats what Dennys frightened of. This evidence could be Russell trying to question why education is so important? As Frank says, education is nothing of value as he takes it for granted. To Rita, education is everything. Rita has a very admiring view towards education and is always referring to proper students who she idolises. She sees education as an escape from herself and her current life. This can be seen from the way she describes herself as a stupid woman and says she wants to change from the inside. At the start of the play she comments on people in her culture being stuck-up idiots and wonders whats it like to be free? This could be Russell implying education gives freedom, but as we find out later in the play Frank, due to being educated, has become metaphorically trapped. His window hasnt been opened for generations and he wont be able to get out of his door. Rita says her student friends are not trapped theyre too young for that suggesting Frank has become old and trapped within himself. Russell may be trying to say education can trap people and really educated people, like Frank, know absolutely nothing. Franks attitude to education is quite the opposite of Ritas, which is the contrast Russell wanted to convey. Frank sees Rita as a breath of fresh air and by education doesnt want her to lose her uniqueness which he values in her. This is Russell suggesting educated people are all the same and are not to have a view. One of Franks key quotes is Youll have a much better understanding of something if you discover it in your own terms. The reader could interpret this quote in several different ways and I believe its Frank giving Rita advice, not only on education, but also on life itself. Here, Russell could be saying that if uneducated people want to learn they should help themselves like Rita does, and come to their own conclusions. Another one of Franks key quotes is I know nothing which he says to Rita. This is probably Russell suggesting the more you know, the less you really know. This is backed up by some of the most intelligent people turning insane as they realise how insignificant their intelligence is. This is a very deep comment from Russell. Frank is not a stereotypical lecturer; he is pissed at lectures, always on the stuff, unhappy and only lectures as he needs the money. He is not enthusiastic and sees education as so very little. Here, Russell exposes an issue of education today. This is something he wants to be addressed. A point that Russell makes very obvious is the fact that most if not all uneducated people are in the working class, in situations they dont like. Denny gets himself out of the fact he cant have a baby with Rita by moving on and having a baby with his new fianci. Rita chose education instead of staying with Denny and is building a better life for herself. She had a choice and took it, and this shows that Russell thinks education can be good when you use it to your advantage and make it work for you. This is something Frank has not done. Frank has taken his education for granted and has wasted opportunities and this could well be another view from Russell to people in the educating process to take opportunities and not waste them. This shows Willy Russells attitudes to education are mixed and are not all bad. Educating Ritas comedy is mostly shown in the difference in background and language of Rita and Frank. Frank asks her You are? and Rita replies, What am I? This shows her naivety and may be Russell saying uneducated people arent accustomed to formal situations and language. This is also shown when Rita leaves a note saying, sorry couldnt come when she was invited to Franks dinner. It shows the difference between their cultures and classes in which education plays a large part. We see Rita change considerably throughout the play as she becomes educated. Her language changes, along with her image, personality and attitude. She respects herself, has choices and so feels she has become a better person. Frank also changes, he ends up having to move to Australia and realises his problems and mistakes. He is also changing for the better. It is argued whether the play should be called Educating Frank as Rita teaches Frank what she knows and Frank teaches Rita.

Foods in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Foods in America - Essay Example Although these dried foods are used to give flavor to dishes, I still eat them raw and at times I fry them as snacks. One of my favorite dishes made from dried foods is Pemmican. This dish is made up of dried berries, nuts, and meat. What I like about this food is the fact that it is very handy and convenient because you could eat it without cooking it first. You can eat it anytime you want. Yet, there are some American Indian foods that I do not like that much. One of those I like the least is their smoked foods. Although I like dried foods, I still find the taste of smoked foods quite unpleasant, especially the smoked salmon. I find it too salty and fatty. I think smoking foods is best for preparing and preserving food, but not as an actual dish. Even so, I really like most of American Indian foods. They are natural, healthy, and savory. Madison, Deborah & Gary Paul Nabhan. Renewing America’s Food Traditions: Saving and Savoring the Continent’s Most Endangered Foods. White River Junction, Vermont: Chelsea Green Publishing, 2008.

Personal Development Portfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Personal Development Portfolio - Essay Example In order to more closely align myself with this aspect of my personality, I will have to develop my writing skills, to communicate my thoughts and ideas effectively, and to improve my research skills so that I can explore ideas and concepts which interest me thoroughly. QUESTION 2 Learning Styles and their Impact on Studying Preferences and Developmental Needs I have some challenges in understanding, absorbing, and interpreting texts in a fixed time. My learning style is reflective and thoughtful, so that I am able to make sure of my understanding of a concept, and then work on interpreting, adding to, or developing the concept. This does not mean that I am unable to deal with complex or abstract subject matter, but that my need is to approach it thoroughly, and creatively, rather than just to â€Å"know† it. ... QUESTION 3 Individual SWOT and Commentary It is clear that I will need to develop in the areas as revealed by my SWOT analysis. It is going to be difficult to concurrently study and work toward a career, while I improve my skills in reading, researching, critical thinking and expression. Nevertheless I believe that these are essential skills to guarantee success and satisfaction in a future career. Thus, I will set myself goals and milestones, at which I will be able to measure my progress toward being able to do these things at the level I want to. It is also true that while studying, these skills will grow according to necessity, and I do work with thoroughness and dedication, so what will be the issue is whether I have time to be able to complete what I have to. It is more to be able to create more efficiency in my work patterns that I want to focus and concentrate on the practical skills that will allow me to be and innovator, a thinker, and someone who can creatively apply his t hinking to tasks at hand. QUESTION 4 Bibliography Development Task Commentary The very specific format of the bibliography in the Harvard referencing style at first did provide me with some difficulty but the logic and clarity of the system soon allows the formatting to become almost second nature. Finding appropriate sources can also be challenging. It is tempting to look at the first source you find, and just record and use it. But learning to consider academic credibility, close relevance, and the current and latest information as criteria to select sources does not come naturally. It implies that the Internet is not always the best route, although it is the easiest and quickest. Variety is important, and sourcing journals, peer reviewed journals, online texts, and published texts,

Deal Directly With The Issue Of Death Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Deal Directly With The Issue Of Death - Essay Example Whereas in Seneca’s ‘on shortness of life’, he explains the life is not short as people think if it is used in the right manner. Nature has given enough time to human being to accomplish what they want. He sees natural phenomena as the metaphor for life. So death is a natural process to him, which has to be dealt with courage and willingness. According to him, human spirit should adapt to the natural law of death. He claims that human beings are bad soldiers who do not follow the commands of God. This is very true as it can be seen widely that human beings have always acted opposite to God’s commands and rules. It is natural for beings that are once born to die and accepting it is the wisdom in real man. In the same manner, Socrates also suggests that man should neither fear in life nor in death. From his thinking, we can understand the greatness of him. The first and worst fear of a human being is dead and one who advocates fearlessness to death indeed is a genius. A man who is spiritually educated will never have the concern in dying as he knows it is a hard truth. He will respect and obey the law of nature and enjoy both life and death equally. This is because he knows that soul is immortal and nothing can kill it or destroy it. In the apology, Socrates gives his genuine perspective on death to people. Socrates reveals that souls are immortal and live forever. It is a fact that soul existed along with God and has been given physical form to be tested by him.... In regard to his death penalty, Socrates responded that his physical body can only perish but not his eternal soul. This is the true nature of human soul and death is just a phase in its journey. Socrates claims that feelings arise from knowledge and since he has no knowledge about death he is not afraid of it. He believes that death is a kind of blessing. This is because; death can give opportunity to a person to go to world he has not been before. There he is able to meet his ancestors and can test them and be in touch with them. This is true as nobody have any idea of where we will go after death and it would be a new experience for human beings to die and know the truth. So in such a case, one should look forward to death which is going to be an exciting experience. Seneca believes that the fear of death is the underlying philosophical root of most other human fears. Seneca like Socrates also believed in the immortal nature of soul. In â€Å"shortness of life† Seneca menti ons that one should think about life rather than death and analyze what is important in life. One should find right attitude to time, and to value and allocate time in the right way. This is very right way of seeing life as people should utilize their time in doing good and being good. In 'Consolation to Helvia', Seneca consoles his mother by saying that material comforts are not the end of life. He explains about the relationship of Man with God and position of a person in the universe. It is true that once we understand our relationship with God we would not be afraid of death. One should understand the working of the natural world to eradicate the fear in the mind about death. Also Socrates in his apology mentions that he has no feeling or emotions about death. He explains that it is not

Power and Politics of Performance Management

Power and Politics of Performance Management Organization politics are a reality in most organizations, and while game-playing might outwardly appear to be wasted time, it is necessary in order to secure resources, progress ideas, achieve personal goals, and often to enhance ones standing. It is naive to realistically expect to be able to stand aloof from organizational politics. You may be respected for doing so, but your progress will be limited and you will be seen as an easy target. (Buchanan Badham, 2007, pp 47-59) From a managing and leading people prospective, the later part will discuss about how power politics and control influence on the management of performance of individuals and organizational .what are the key aspects of the approaches of the power politics and controls over the management of performance. What is the good aspect and what is the negative aspect of those elements when we bring performance management into consideration on individual bases and on organizational bases. It will also identify what is meant by power, politics and control and the management of performance. All the relevant theories from the module and practical theories will be discussed in detail. Power and politics Management of performance: Before going into discussion about power politics and organizational control one need to discuss the dilemma of performance management. Performance management is not only about the employees performance but it mixture of how the organization as whole performing (internally and externally), its various department (sales, administration etc), budgeting, finance management, policies, services and products organizing groups for mutual task etc. According to Bratton Gold, pp 274, (2007) Performance management refers to the set of interconnected practices which are design to ensure that a person overall capabilities and potential are appraised, so that relevant goals can be set for work and development and, through assessment, data on work behaviour and performance can be collected and reviewed. On the other hand, Armstrong and Baron, pp 1-5, (2009) defining the management of performance as a process which contribute to the effective management of individuals and teams in order to achieve high level of organizational performance -as such, it established shared understanding about what is to achieved and an approach to leading and developing people which will ensure that it is achieved. Power and Politics: Power and politics are the ability or official capacity to exercise and control authority. It also has been known as an individual, groups, or states that have more control over others. Politics is defined as the art or science of government or governing, especially the governing of a political body, such as a nation, organizations, and the administration and control of its internal and external affairs. As businesses harness the power of technology to change and drive the bottom line, power and politics have been seen as the force behind this change. The managements bring important attributes to the table that lead the enterprises direction, from putting the companys strategic visions to finding short-term solutions, getting long-term targets, and bringing in partners who can change and improve the companys profits. Examine the persuasive and powerful individuals, and political base management in executive offices. A common feature among many will emerge: strong values and the abili ty to facilitate change. Thus it is understood how power and politics work together, and benefits each other well in the business setting. Although most individuals think as power as a force over something or someone, it is not identified as a political force. Power shared with political support has proven to be very beneficial in society or in organization. The former president of Pakistan General Pervaiz musharraf is an example of how he maintained power and politics in his regime effectively through a positive control which had influence positively on the country overall performance as comparing to its past. Leader is the key success for an effective performance of an organization. How far we can see power and politics: The topic of power is so vital and difficult to define in a single sentence yet people made different approaches towards power definition. Power can be exerted not only by some individuals over other, but also by some groups, sections departments, organization and indeed by some nations over other. (Huczynski Buchanan, 2007). Another writer Jay (1967) commented on the power definition as power lies in the acceptance of your authority by others -their knowledge that if they try to resist you they will fail and you will succeed, (jay, 1967). According to Gallagher (2003), power is the capacity to impress the dominance of ones goal or values on other. One can say that power is the source of individual authority and approached to get the thing s done. In other words the ability to make something happening or preventing it forms happening. On the other hand Organization politics can be defined as informal, parochial, typically divisive and illegitimate behaviour that is aimed at displaci ng legitimate power (Mintzberg, 1983). Organizations mainly consisted of organizational politics. Authorities or leaders usually exercising power have the same amount of politics. Working in organization one can see closely the relation of power and politics. It is believe that it is a reality in the organizations. According to Prasad, (1993) Politicking is one of the option for those who wish to influence decisions. It is believed that politics inside organization can be exercised for and against the organization. But most of the critics believed that politics mostly disrupt organizational efficiency and effectiveness (kacmar et al., 1999). Also it consuming time, restricting information and making communication difficulties (Eisenhard Bourgeois, 1988). It also creating the environment stressful, decreasing job satisfaction and making high level of employees turn over. Form a very way power and politics described as essential sources in the organizational life .some critics described as good well for organizational life and some criticised as negative element for organizational life and individuals well being. Power and politics can understand through its sources and tactics that how individuals exercising them through various means and controlling the whole sort of culture which automatically reflects on their performance. There are different approaches has been made by the writers, individualist and pluralist are the commons in them. Power as an individuals property: This type of power has been exercised by individuals with a Social and Interpersonal skills, Power can be seen in particular individuals inside the organizations (Huczynski and Buchanan, pp 435, 2007). Clearly stating who have the power and those who dont have. Individual property can be eliminated in two types of sources, structural sources and personal source based on managing with power theory (Jeffrey, 1992). Structural source: Individual formal role and position .the Ability of gaining support and allies, Individuals have fully control over information Reducing problems and uncertainty. Also have influence on the organization communication physically and emotionally, and the pervasiveness of individual activities within the organization. Such kind of power can be seen in accountants or accountant general officers and HR manager who have more power and authority than others. They hold a strong position and can be positive or negative effect on the organization overall performance. Individuals source: Power can be seen in Individuals, those who have more energy and physical stamina. The ability of focusing on energy and avoiding worthless efforts has fully understanding of other employees feelings. Individuals have a great capability of mental toughness and ability to control stress situation like conflicts and confrontations. All those Characteristics of power are known as more socialistic and talk about individual behaviour of its approach towards power. Power as a source of relationship According to French raven, pp 259-269 (1959) and Buchanan Budham (1999), Power as an individuals property yet it is property of relationship. French raven, pp 259-269 (1959), identified five types of power which are exercising within organization. Relationship power can be described as personal power and positional power. Each of these can be influence on the individuals behaviour, attitude and values. Figure 1. Types of Individual Power. (Source: French raven, 1959) Reward power: It is combination of different element such as resources, assisting employee or empowering them in some areas, sharing information, advancement, recognitions, personnel and emotional support of an individual authority exerting in organization. From political aspect, study found that politics influence on the reward power. In other word if the leader wants to give someone reward, politics can influence it from both positive and negative aspects. So, that would affect the overall performance of an individual from both aspects. On the other hand reward power can be a positive aspect of getting good performance and control of the employees in organization. So, one can see both positive and negative elements in such type of power. Coercive power: Authorities exercising the power of punishing individuals, firing them, and maintaining discipline and spreading the feelings of fear inside the organization, the leaders mostly delivered the massage of what their superior wants to do (transactional leadership). Politics may contribute in the form of other employees can get the massage what their superior wanted to do. Coercive power can be seen as negative in organizational culture, for example other employees may not be put their best in achieving the strategic goals and can turn hostile against the management which would influence on the management of performance and control of the individual and organization. In addition most of the critics seen it as a threat to employee well being. Using positive politics in such kind of power may give a massage to the employees to do what they asked to do. According to Hofstade, pp 42-63, (1980), culture does have high power distance and high uncertainty avoidance in some nations (i.e., Pakist an) has a significant influence on the performance and control of the organization or country. So to use some sort of coerciveness might be beneficial for the organizational performance and control. Expert power: This power based on facts or impression, the expertise of a manager to posses particular skills, knowledge and authorities capability of management issues and technique. The person may be given the power to make decisions for others individuals because he has an expertise on the particular subject area. Again it can be taken as positively and negatively influence on the management of performance. It can help others by getting things done on the right place and time but also can make barriers between the individuals and authorities if they take them in coercive manner, (Benfari Buchanan et, al, 2007 pp 51). Referent power: Leaders ability to rally his staff and urge them to cooperate in achieving the organizational goals (transformational leadership), the ability of the leaders to influence on individuals, we can call him as charismatic leader or manager who can influence his personality by his own values and perception in the organization. These leaders are able to move the organization toward the ideal perspective by coordinating the employees and integrating all system components (Cacioppe, pp 336, 2000). This type of power purely considers being positive for organizational culture and performance. Individuals mostly manipulate towards referent power, pure satisfaction prevailing over organizational culture. Legitimate power: Legitimate power is based on an individual formal position in the organization. It also can be known as position power. It is usually based on the compliances of individuals. Political perceptions in organization: Organization politics can be defined as Informal, parochial, typically divisive and illegitimate behaviour that is aimed at displacing legitimate power (Mintzberg, 1983). Organizations mainly consisted of organizational politics. Authorities usually exercising power have the same amount of politics. Working in organization one can see closely the relation of power and politics. It is believe that its a reality in the organizations. According to Prasad, 1993 Politicking is one of the option for those who wish to influence decisions. Its believed that politics inside organization can be exercised for and against the organization. But most of the critics believed that politics mostly disrupt organizational efficiency and effectiveness (kacmar et al., 1999). Also it consuming time, restricting information and making communication difficulties (Eisenhard and Bourgeois, 1988). It also creating the environment stressful, decreasing job satisfaction and making high level of employees turn ov er. Political behaviour needed to be considered more effectively and individuals have to be understood the causes and effects of politics in organization and its performance. Leadership may influence positively with powerful politics to reduce the level of high uncertainty, conflicts, building coalition with other, reducing the communication barriers between the employees and the managers or leaders, implementing strategic change and policies. Those who are in opposition can be tackling down on powerful politics, also handling trade unions or employees unions in the work place, etc. Politics can influence positively on organization and individuals performance and control. But most of the employees understand the philosophy of political behaviour in organization as a negative aspect of work life assuming that it is a self- serving aspect of getting promotion and personal objectives. Such behaviour can be identified as, hierarchical, associated with the influencing bad attitudes, destroying or abusing power and were not seen to be responsible towards organizational goals and interest of the employees. (Vigoda Poon, pp 138-155, 2003). In such political behaviour, individuals trying to surpass other in order to get more information and to get more power. Several factors are influencing on the political behaviour of an organization performance and can be known as personnel situational. Personal factors including demographic factors, individuals characteristics, attitudes, needs and values and Situational factors like job autonomy, job variety and on the organization al level such as centralization and formulization (Poon pp 138-155, 2003). Formal situational perception of organizational politics: Job ambiguity: In job ambiguity situations, individuals are mostly unclear about their job role, not clear about their objectives or goal and what can they do to get rewarded. Most of the employees trying to secure their jobs and their personnel interests using political resources and can turn them in defensive political behaviour (Ashforth and Lee, 1990). Scarcity of resources: In the situation of pay rise, promotion opportunities etc individual compete for such resources May using politics to get promotion and to get career opportunities and developments and get positively relation to political behaviour. Trust climate: According to Das and Teng, pp 251-283, (2001), Trust is subjective state of positive expectations regarding another persons good-well and can exist at the personal, organizational, inter-organizational and international levels. Working climate of trust can motivate individuals positively and can be influence on the political behaviour of an organization. On the other hand it can reduce employee performance if there is lack of trust climate in organization. Job satisfactions: The work environment, where individuals feel satisfaction and security of their jobs, According to Lock, 1973 and Poon, 2003, job satisfaction is a positive emotional state that arise when people appraised their jobs or job experience. The level of decrease in job satisfaction can be seen in organization with higher political behaviour. Decision and policies based on higher political environment can create job stress as well. Employees turn over intention: Turnover of employee can be discussed from two aspects psychological and physical usually caused when the organization are high politicking, most of the employee give up their struggles towards the job targets mentally and physically in a work life based on political environment,( Kacmar, 1999). The listed below diagram can evaluate about the political perception in organization clearly. Figure 2. Perceptions of Organizational Politics (Source: Poon, 2003) Conclusion: Armstrong, P-A Baron, A., Performance management: An Overview, Feb 2009: Charted Institute Of Professional Studies. Vigoda-Gadot., E: Leadership Style, Organizational Politics, And Employees Performance, 2007. Vol. No 5, 2007. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Bratton. J Gold, J. Human Resource Management, Theory And Practice. 4rth Edition, 2007: Published By Palgrave Macmillan New York. Chapter (8). Kacmar, K.M., Bozen, D.P., Carlson, D.S And Anthony, W.P (1999), An Examination Of The Perception Of Organizational Politics Model: Replication And Extension, Human Relations, Vol.52, pp.383- 416. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Poon., M.L, June, Situational Antecedent And Outcomes Of Organizational Politics Perceptions: Journal of Managerial Psychology, Vol, 18 No.2, 2003 , Emerald Publication. Buchanan. D Budham., R: Power Politics And Organizational Change: Winning the Turf Game: 1st Edition 1999, Sage Publication LTD, London. Cole, G. 1997. Strategic Management. 2nd Ed. London: Thomson Learning. Watson, G., Gallagher, K., 2005. Managing for Results. 2nd Ed. London: Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, London. Huczynski., A, Buchanan., D: Organizational Behaviour, Sixth Edition., 2007, Part six, Chapter 24, Pearson education limited. http://managementconsultingcourses.com/Lesson30PowerOrganizationalPolitics.pdf access Managing human behavior in public nonprofit organizations ÂÂ  By Robert B. Denhardt, Janet Vinzant Denhardt, Maria Pilar Aristigueta Hofstede, G. 1980. Motivation, Leadership, and Organization: Do American theories apply abroad? Organization dynamics AMACOM Journal. 1(1), pp 42 63 Das, T.K. and Teng, B.S. (2001), Trust, control, and risk in strategic alliances: an integrated framework, Organization Studies, Vol. 22, pp. 251-83. Mintzberg, H. (1983), Power In and Around Organizations, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Kacmar, K.M. and Ferris, G.R. (1991), Perceptions of organizational politics scale (POPS): development and construct validation, Educational and Psychological Measurement, Vol. 51, pp. 193-205.

War of the Rats Essays -- David L. Robbins Literature Essays

War of the Rats War of the Rats, written by David L. Robbins, and the movie Stalingrad, directed by Joseph Vilsmaier, are two excellent sources to be used in furthering one’s understanding of the second world war and specifically the battle of Stalingrad. Both of these sources cover generally the same material. They both are dramas about the battle of Stalingrad, yet each has their own unique perspective upon the war. These two sources can be used together to increase one’s knowledge on the subject at hand. War of the Rats, a book that has been recently published is basically a war inside of a war. It focuses more on a personal battle of two men then it does on the battle of Stalingrad on a whole. The book has four main characters and is mostly based on these people. Robbins seems more content on telling his drama he is revealing to the reader then giving actual historical accounts on the battle of Stalingrad. Robbins story starts out about the Russians skilled assassin, Army Chief Master Sergeant Visily Zaitsev. Zaitsev is a famed sniper, known for killing the opposing Germans with ease. The Germans realize how dangerous of a weapon Zaitsev is, and counter with their own master sniper, S.S. Colonel Heinz Throvald. Throvald is sent with one mission; kill Zaitsev. Also included in the plot of Robbins’ book are Tania Chernova, Zaitsev’s assistant, and Corporal Nikki Mood, a composite German soldier. Tanis Chernova and Vasily Zaitsev eventually fall in love. The novel eventually ends with the two master snipers, Throvald and Zaitsev, crossing each other’s paths. In somewhat of a cliffhanger, the book finishes off with both Throvald and Zaitsev putting crosshairs on each other’s head. Although it is very entert... ...ery educational. Both are based on factual events. War of the Rats is more about two individual people than the actual war, but still gives a brief overview about the battle of Stalingrad. Stalingrad focuses on the suffering of the German soldiers and probably is more useful than the War of the Rats in the sense that it covers the actual war more. However, both are highly recommended and go hand in hand. One would probably understand the importance of the Second World War on the Eastern Front in world history most if he or she looked into both sources. Works Cited Beschner, M. George, and Alfred S. Friedman. Youth Drug Abuse. Toronto: D.C. Heath, 1980. Dogan, Shamed. â€Å"Legal Drinking Age Should Drop to 18.† High Ground.com. 1997 February 14, 1997 Group Survey of 100 people. â€Å"Should the Legal Drinking Age Be Lowered to Eighteen?† May 25, 2000